I'll use a number of conventions you should know about in this book. For example, menu items are separated with an→ like this: File→ New→ Project. To make them stand out, new lines of code will be displayed highlighted when they're added. Example code is often presented out of context; instead of developing an entire class, only the relevant block of code is presented. Most examples will include the necessary import statements for Commons-relevant classes, and other import statements will be implied. When code is omitted or implied, it will be represented by ellipses:

import org.apache.commons.digester.Digester;
...
Digester digester = new Digester( );
digester.doSomething( );

In addition, the following typographical conventions are also used in this book: