001 /*
002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
003 * or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
004 * distributed with this work for additional information
005 * regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
006 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
007 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
008 * with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
009 *
010 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
011 *
012 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
013 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
014 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
015 * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
016 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
017 * under the License.
018 */
019 package org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authz;
020
021 import org.apache.shiro.util.StringUtils;
022 import org.slf4j.Logger;
023 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
024
025 import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
026 import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
027 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
028 import java.io.IOException;
029 import java.util.HashMap;
030 import java.util.Map;
031
032 /**
033 * A filter that translates an HTTP Request's Method (eg GET, POST, etc)
034 * into an corresponding action (verb) and uses that verb to construct a permission that will be checked to determine
035 * access.
036 * <p/>
037 * This Filter is primarily provided to support REST environments where the type (Method)
038 * of request translates to an action being performed on one or more resources. This paradigm works well with Shiro's
039 * concepts of using permissions for access control and can be leveraged to easily perform permission checks.
040 * <p/>
041 * This filter functions as follows:
042 * <ol>
043 * <li>The incoming HTTP request's Method (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc) is discovered.</li>
044 * <li>The Method is translated into a more 'application friendly' verb, such as 'create', edit', 'delete', etc.</li>
045 * <li>The verb is appended to any configured permissions for the
046 * {@link org.apache.shiro.web.filter.PathMatchingFilter currently matching path}.</li>
047 * <li>If the current {@code Subject} {@link org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject#isPermitted(String) isPermitted} to
048 * perform the resolved action, the request is allowed to continue.</li>
049 * </ol>
050 * <p/>
051 * For example, if the following filter chain was defined, where 'rest' was the name given to a filter instance of
052 * this class:
053 * <pre>
054 * /user/** = rest[user]</pre>
055 * Then an HTTP {@code GET} request to {@code /user/1234} would translate to the constructed permission
056 * {@code user:read} (GET is mapped to the 'read' action) and execute the permission check
057 * <code>Subject.isPermitted("user:read")</code> in order to allow the request to continue.
058 * <p/>
059 * Similarly, an HTTP {@code POST} to {@code /user} would translate to the constructed permission
060 * {@code user:create} (POST is mapped to the 'create' action) and execute the permission check
061 * <code>Subject.isPermitted("user:create")</code> in order to allow the request to continue.
062 * <p/>
063 * <h3>Method To Verb Mapping</h3>
064 * The following table represents the default HTTP Method-to-action verb mapping:
065 * <table>
066 * <tr><th>HTTP Method</th><th>Mapped Action</th><th>Example Permission</th><th>Runtime Check</th></tr>
067 * <tr><td>head</td><td>read</td><td>perm1</td><td>perm1:read</td></tr>
068 * <tr><td>get</td><td>read</td><td>perm2</td><td>perm2:read</td></tr>
069 * <tr><td>put</td><td>update</td><td>perm3</td><td>perm3:update</td></tr>
070 * <tr><td>post</td><td>create</td><td>perm4</td><td>perm4:create</td></tr>
071 * <tr><td>mkcol</td><td>create</td><td>perm5</td><td>perm5:create</td></tr>
072 * <tr><td>options</td><td>read</td><td>perm6</td><td>perm6:read</td></tr>
073 * <tr><td>trace</td><td>read</td><td>perm7</td><td>perm7:read</td></tr>
074 * </table>
075 *
076 * @since 1.0
077 */
078 public class HttpMethodPermissionFilter extends PermissionsAuthorizationFilter {
079
080 /**
081 * This class's private logger.
082 */
083 private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpMethodPermissionFilter.class);
084
085 /**
086 * Map that contains a mapping between http methods to permission actions (verbs)
087 */
088 private final Map<String, String> httpMethodActions = new HashMap<String, String>();
089
090 //Actions representing HTTP Method values (GET -> read, POST -> create, etc)
091 private static final String CREATE_ACTION = "create";
092 private static final String READ_ACTION = "read";
093 private static final String UPDATE_ACTION = "update";
094 private static final String DELETE_ACTION = "delete";
095
096 /**
097 * Enum of constants for well-defined mapping values. Used in the Filter's constructor to perform the map instance
098 * used at runtime.
099 */
100 private static enum HttpMethodAction {
101
102 DELETE(DELETE_ACTION),
103 GET(READ_ACTION),
104 HEAD(READ_ACTION),
105 MKCOL(CREATE_ACTION), //webdav, but useful here
106 OPTIONS(READ_ACTION),
107 POST(CREATE_ACTION),
108 PUT(UPDATE_ACTION),
109 TRACE(READ_ACTION);
110
111 private final String action;
112
113 private HttpMethodAction(String action) {
114 this.action = action;
115 }
116
117 public String getAction() {
118 return this.action;
119 }
120 }
121
122 /**
123 * Creates the filter instance with default method-to-action values in the instance's
124 * {@link #getHttpMethodActions() http method actions map}.
125 */
126 public HttpMethodPermissionFilter() {
127 for (HttpMethodAction methodAction : HttpMethodAction.values()) {
128 httpMethodActions.put(methodAction.name().toLowerCase(), methodAction.getAction());
129 }
130 }
131
132 /**
133 * Returns the HTTP Method name (key) to action verb (value) mapping used to resolve actions based on an
134 * incoming {@code HttpServletRequest}. All keys and values are lower-case. The
135 * default key/value pairs are defined in the top class-level JavaDoc.
136 *
137 * @return the HTTP Method lower-case name (key) to lower-case action verb (value) mapping
138 */
139 protected Map<String, String> getHttpMethodActions() {
140 return this.httpMethodActions;
141 }
142
143 /**
144 * Determines the action (verb) attempting to be performed on the filtered resource by the current request.
145 * <p/>
146 * This implementation expects the incoming request to be an {@link HttpServletRequest} and returns a mapped
147 * action based on the HTTP request {@link javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest#getMethod() method}.
148 *
149 * @param request to pull the method from.
150 * @return The string equivalent verb of the http method.
151 */
152 protected String getHttpMethodAction(ServletRequest request) {
153 String method = ((HttpServletRequest) request).getMethod();
154 return getHttpMethodAction(method);
155 }
156
157 /**
158 * Determines the corresponding application action that will be performed on the filtered resource based on the
159 * specified HTTP method (GET, POST, etc).
160 *
161 * @param method to be translated into the verb.
162 * @return The string equivalent verb of the method.
163 */
164 protected String getHttpMethodAction(String method) {
165 String lc = method.toLowerCase();
166 String resolved = getHttpMethodActions().get(lc);
167 return resolved != null ? resolved : method;
168 }
169
170 /**
171 * Returns a collection of String permissions with which to perform a permission check to determine if the filter
172 * will allow the request to continue.
173 * <p/>
174 * This implementation merely delegates to {@link #buildPermissions(String[], String)} and ignores the inbound
175 * HTTP servlet request, but it can be overridden by subclasses for more complex request-specific building logic
176 * if necessary.
177 *
178 * @param request the inbound HTTP request - ignored in this implementation, but available to
179 * subclasses for more complex construction building logic if necessary
180 * @param configuredPerms any url-specific permissions mapped to this filter in the URL rules mappings.
181 * @param action the application-friendly action (verb) resolved based on the HTTP Method name.
182 * @return a collection of String permissions with which to perform a permission check to determine if the filter
183 * will allow the request to continue.
184 */
185 protected String[] buildPermissions(HttpServletRequest request, String[] configuredPerms, String action) {
186 return buildPermissions(configuredPerms, action);
187 }
188
189 /**
190 * Builds a new array of permission strings based on the original argument, appending the specified action verb
191 * to each one per {@link org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission WildcardPermission} conventions. The
192 * built permission strings will be the ones used at runtime during the permission check that determines if filter
193 * access should be allowed to continue or not.
194 * <p/>
195 * For example, if the {@code configuredPerms} argument contains the following 3 permission strings:
196 * <p/>
197 * <ol>
198 * <li>permission:one</li>
199 * <li>permission:two</li>
200 * <li>permission:three</li>
201 * </ol>
202 * And the action is {@code read}, then the return value will be:
203 * <ol>
204 * <li>permission:one:read</li>
205 * <li>permission:two:read</li>
206 * <li>permission:three:read</li>
207 * </ol>
208 * per {@link org.apache.shiro.authz.permission.WildcardPermission WildcardPermission} conventions. Subclasses
209 * are of course free to override this method or the
210 * {@link #buildPermissions(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest, String[], String) buildPermissions} request
211 * variant for custom building logic or with different permission formats.
212 *
213 * @param configuredPerms list of configuredPerms to be converted.
214 * @param action the resolved action based on the request method to be appended to permission strings.
215 * @return an array of permission strings with each element appended with the action.
216 */
217 protected String[] buildPermissions(String[] configuredPerms, String action) {
218 if (configuredPerms == null || configuredPerms.length <= 0 || !StringUtils.hasText(action)) {
219 return configuredPerms;
220 }
221
222 String[] mappedPerms = new String[configuredPerms.length];
223
224 // loop and append :action
225 for (int i = 0; i < configuredPerms.length; i++) {
226 mappedPerms[i] = configuredPerms[i] + ":" + action;
227 }
228
229 if (log.isTraceEnabled()) {
230 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
231 for (int i = 0; i < mappedPerms.length; i++) {
232 if (i > 0) {
233 sb.append(", ");
234 }
235 sb.append(mappedPerms[i]);
236 }
237 log.trace("MAPPED '{}' action to permission(s) '{}'", action, sb);
238 }
239
240 return mappedPerms;
241 }
242
243 /**
244 * Resolves an 'application friendly' action verb based on the {@code HttpServletRequest}'s method, appends that
245 * action to each configured permission (the {@code mappedValue} argument is a {@code String[]} array), and
246 * delegates the permission check for the newly constructed permission(s) to the superclass
247 * {@link PermissionsAuthorizationFilter#isAccessAllowed(javax.servlet.ServletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse, Object) isAccessAllowed}
248 * implementation to perform the actual permission check.
249 *
250 * @param request the inbound {@code ServletRequest}
251 * @param response the outbound {@code ServletResponse}
252 * @param mappedValue the filter-specific config value mapped to this filter in the URL rules mappings.
253 * @return {@code true} if the request should proceed through the filter normally, {@code false} if the
254 * request should be processed by this filter's
255 * {@link #onAccessDenied(ServletRequest,ServletResponse,Object)} method instead.
256 * @throws IOException
257 */
258 @Override
259 public boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) throws IOException {
260 String[] perms = (String[]) mappedValue;
261 // append the http action to the end of the permissions and then back to super
262 String action = getHttpMethodAction(request);
263 String[] resolvedPerms = buildPermissions(perms, action);
264 return super.isAccessAllowed(request, response, resolvedPerms);
265 }
266 }